Pipe-organ



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. T. AUSTIN.

PIPE ORGAN No. 537,664. Patented Apr. 16, 1895.

I m 1 l fio@ TN: Nonms Pzzns co, Maio-mme., WASHINGTON. D. c.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. T. AUSTIN.

PIPE OBGAN Patented Apr. 16, 1895'.

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' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN T. AUSTIN, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

PIPE-ORGAN.

SPECIFICATION forming. part of Letters Patent No. 537,664, dated April 16, 1895.

Application filed April 4, 1893. Serial No. 468,983. (No model.) Puteutedin Canada January 23, 1895. No. l$7,992.

To a/ZZ whom. it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHNT. AUSTIN, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pipe-Organs, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

The object of my invention is to simplify the construction, reduce cost of manufacture, to give more ready access to the valves and the other parts of the mechanism; and further to allow access to said parts while the organ is in use.

My invention consists in the peculiar' construction, arrangement, and combination of the various parts, all as more fully hereinafter described.

This invention I have made the subjectmatter of Canadian Letters Patent No. 47,992, dated January 23, 1895.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical, longitudinal section through my organ. Fig. 2 is a cross section at right angles to Fig. 1. Fig. v3 is a diagram of a modified form of chest, and Fig. 4. is an enlarged view of some of the parts shown in Fig. 1.

A is the wind chest preferably of rectangular form above which are arranged the pipes B. Where there is sufficient ioor space the chest is preferably made of asingle casing having all the pipes above it, but where cramped for room it may be built in sections or stories (as shown in Fig. 3), connected by a wind trunk A.

C is a man-hole or entrance to the chest closed by an air tight door C arranged preferably in one of the side walls.

I) is the vestibule chamber into which the door O opens and D is a second door opening into the organ.

I preferably provide the walls of the chest with one or more transparent panels A2 through which light may be admitted. Vhere an electric motor is used electric lights may be employed for illuminating the interior of the chest.

E are feeders or pumping bellows and F a pressure regulating bellows arranged within the chest preferably upon the side walls. In the drawings I have shown the bellows F hinged at the bottom and provided with a weighted arm F2 for holding it normally distended.

F3 is a check valve normally closed and adapted to be opened by striking against the arm F4t to act as a safety valve.

An electric motor E is shown for operating the feeders provided with a rheostat E2 controlled by the movement of the bellows E.

G are a series of bars extending across the upper part of the chest. .The pipes B are arranged in rows on the bars G, and I are a series of ports of air passages formed in said bars, one for each pipe. These ports are preferably formed by iirst boring a hole a in the upper edge of each bar, adapted to receive the nose of the corresponding pipe, and then boring corresponding hole l) in the side of the bars joining the hole a, so as to leave a well or dust pocket c below the juncture.

J are panels closing the space between the bars G, and together with said bars forming the cover of the chest.

K are valves normally closing the passages b, secured to the upper end of the levers L which are fulcrumed in brackets L upon the bars G with their free ends extending below said bars. Each lever is provided with a spring arm M, preferably formed of a flat piece of spring metal secured at one end to the lever and extending slightly beyond the end thereof.

Mis asecond lighter spring bearing against the lever L, acting to hold the valve closed.

N are trackers arranged below the levers L having buttons i adapted to strike the spring arms M of Aall the valves controlled by a single key. These trackers are secured at one end to spring hangers N2 and at the other end to pneumatic motors O preferably of the following construction: d is a bellows secured to the board e forming a part of the side walls of the chest. To this bellows air is admitted or exhausted through ports lf in the board c and the inclined passages g joining the port f. 7i, 7L are valve disks arranged on a common stem r', the one on the outside and the other on the inside of the chest. j isaspring holding the valve h normally closed and the valve 7i open. l is a smaller bellows having arm Z secured to the stem i. m m are supply and exhaust passages leading to the bellows Z. o

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is an armature controlling said passages and p an electro magnet for operatin g said armature connected in an electric circuit with one of the keys of the key board of the organ, not shown.

P are universal bars extending across the chest and adapted to lock the valve lever L from being operated. These bars l preferably secure by hangers P to the rock shaft Q, journaled in bearings Q on the bars G.

Q2 are rock arms attached at one end of the rock shafts Q which are connected by sticker rods R to the pneumatic motors S, similar in construction and operation to the motors O, and controlled through suitable electric connection by the stop knobs of the organ. T is a spring attached to the rock arm Q2 tending to hold the universal bar I in contact with the levers L.

The operation of the parts is as follows: Air is supplied to the chest through the pumping bellows E operated by the motor E and is kept at uniform pressure by the regulator bellows F which alternately collapses and expands as the air is supplied orexhansted from the chest. When the stops of the organ are closed all of the valves K are locked from operation bythe universal bars P, each bar controlling the valves of a musical register, but if one or more 0f the stop knobs be drawn, the pneumatic motor S will raise the sticker rods R rocking the rock shafts Q and retracting the bars P. Now if any key of the organ is depressed its corresponding tracker N will be drawn by the operation of the pneumatic motors O in the manner before described, the buttons N impinging against the spring arms M of the valve levers L. As each tracker is arranged in proximity to the corresponding valves of the dilferent musical registers, some of which are locked, and others unlocked, the

buttons N striking the spring arms of the locked levers will simply bend said springs without moving the levers to which they are attached, but the unlocked valves will be opened. Thus but a single valve is used for each pipe of the organ, and this is controlled by both key and stop action.

It frequently happens during an organ recital that one of the valves becomes inoperative owing to the lodgment of dust on its seat, or from some other like cause. This causes the performer a great deal of annoyance as he is obliged to shut off the whole register, to prevent the sounding of this one pipe, which he cannot use again during the performance. With my construction a defect of this kind can be at once remedied even while the organ is in use as access to the interior of the chest may be had at any time without exhausting air presure by entering through the vestibule chamber D. lt is only necessary to press the valve C2 in the door C allowing whatever air pressure there may be in the vestibule to exhaust and then the door may be opened. When once in the vestibule and the outside door is closed the valve D2 in the inner door D may be opened to equalize the pressure in the chest and vestibule after which access may be had tothe interior of the chest.

lt is obvious that where the chest is divided into two or more separate compartments in which the air is maintained at different press` ures access maybe had from one compartment to the other by providing a vestibule entrance between them similar to the vestibule D.

Where I use the words universal wind chest in the claims it is intended to mean a wind chest universal to a multiple of registers of pipes.

Vhat I claim as my invention is l. In an organ, the combination of a wind chest having portions formed of a single plank or section, having an air passage therethrough the pipes directly engaging in the outer end thereof, and an air-tight door for the chest substantially as described.

2. ln an organ, the combination of a wind chest having portions of the outer wall formed of a single plank on edge, an air passage therethrough, the pipes secured directly in the outer end of said passages, a valve at the inner end thereof, whereby there are no joints in the passage between valves and pipes, substantially as described.

3. In an organ, the combination of a universal wind chest, the multiple stops of pipes connecting therewith, passages from the chest to the pipes, a valve controlling each passage, a lock for said valve controlled by the stop and mechanism controlled by the keys to actuate the unlocked valves, substantially as described.

et. In an organ, the combination of an accessible wind chest universal to a multiple of registers of pipes and having an inlet aud outlet door, passages from the chest to each pipe, a valve controlling each passage, controlling devices for all the valves of each register of pipes actuated by a stop, and key actuated devices for all the corresponding valves in each register, these parts being located in the wind chest, substantially as described.

5. In an organ, the combination of the wind chest, the pipes connected therewith by passages, valves controlling said passages, a lock for said valves controlled by the stop, a tracker, and a spring arm through which the tracker operates the valves, substantially as described.

6. ln an organ the combination of the wind chest, the pipes connected therewith by passages, valves controlling said passages, a lock for said valves controlled by the stops, alight spring acting to hold the valves closed a tracker, and a spring arm, of greater power than the closing spring through which the tracker operates the valves, substantially as described.

7. In an organ, the combination of the valves, the lock therefor, a spring acting to normally apply said lock, and a motor con- IOO IIO

trolled from the stop, for releasing said lock, substantially as described.

8. In an organ, the valve actuating mechanism comprising a pneumatic located on a plank forming a portion of the Wall of the wind chest, a passage leading from said pneumatic to a second passage formed through said plank, a valve stem having valves controlling the ports inside and outside the chest, and means for actuating said valves, substantially as described.

9. In a pipe organ, the combination of a series of registers of pipes, a valve for each pipe, valve controllingr mechanism and an accessible universal Wind chest therefor, in which the Valves and valve controlling inechanism are contained and provided with an inlet and outlet door, substantially as described.

l0. In an organ, the combination with a wind chest, universal to a multiple of registers of pipes and having an inlet and outlet door, pipes, passages from the chest to the pipes, a valve controlling each passage, key actuated mechanism for the like valve of each register of pipes and mechanism for setting said valve in operative or inoperative position controlled by a stop, all located Within the Wind chest, substantially as described.

Il. In an organ, the combination with an accessible Wind chest universal to a multiple of register of pipes and having an inlet and outlet door, pipes, passages from the chest to the pipes, a valve controlling` each passage, of key actuated mechanism for the like valves of each register ot' pipes, mechanism common to each register of pipes for setting the valves of such register in operative or inoperative position, all located Within the Wind chest, and stops for controlling the setting mechanism, substantially as described.

12. In an organ, the combination with an accessible Wind chest common to all the pipes and having an inlet and outlet door, key and stop actuated valves and actuating mechanism all contained Within the chest, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence ot two witnesses.

JOHN T. AUSTIN.

Witnesses:

JAMES WHITTEMORE, M. B. ODOGHERTY. 

